Unit VIII – Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
ICT: General Abbreviations and Terminology:
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) refers to technologies used to handle telecommunications, broadcast media, intelligent processing systems, and network-based communication. Common abbreviations and terminology in ICT include:
- LAN: Local Area Network
- WAN: Wide Area Network
- URL: Uniform Resource Locator
- IP: Internet Protocol
- HTTP/HTTPS: HyperText Transfer Protocol / Secure
- DNS: Domain Name System
- FTP: File Transfer Protocol
- VoIP: Voice over Internet Protocol
- VPN: Virtual Private Network
- CMS: Content Management System
MCQs – General Abbreviations and Terminology
- LAN stands for:
Answer: Local Area Network - WAN is:
Answer: Wide Area Network - URL refers to:
Answer: Uniform Resource Locator - IP stands for:
Answer: Internet Protocol - HTTPS is used for:
Answer: Secure communication over the web - DNS translates:
Answer: Domain names to IP addresses - FTP is used for:
Answer: File transfer - VoIP refers to:
Answer: Voice over Internet Protocol - VPN provides:
Answer: Secure remote connection - CMS is used to:
Answer: Manage website content - HTTP is:
Answer: HyperText Transfer Protocol - HTTPS differs from HTTP by:
Answer: Encryption for security - IP addresses are:
Answer: Unique numeric identifiers for devices - LAN typically covers:
Answer: A small geographic area - WAN typically connects:
Answer: Multiple LANs across regions - DNS is necessary because:
Answer: Humans cannot remember IP addresses easily - VoIP requires:
Answer: Internet connectivity - VPN helps in:
Answer: Securing data transmission - CMS can be used for:
Answer: Blogs, portals, and websites - Abbreviations in ICT help:
Answer: Simplify communication and documentation
Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing:
The Internet is a global network connecting millions of devices, enabling access to information, communication, and services.
Intranet is a private network within an organization for internal communication and data sharing.
E-mail is a digital method for exchanging messages, files, and documents instantly across the globe. It allows formal communication and supports attachments, CC, BCC, and organization-specific addresses.
Audio and Video-conferencing enable real-time communication among individuals or groups located remotely. Tools like Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet, and Cisco Webex facilitate online meetings, lectures, and training sessions. These tools support screen sharing, recording, chat, and collaboration features.
MCQs – Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing
- The Internet is:
Answer: A global network connecting devices - An Intranet is:
Answer: A private organizational network - Email allows:
Answer: Sending messages and attachments electronically - CC in email stands for:
Answer: Carbon Copy - BCC in email stands for:
Answer: Blind Carbon Copy - Video conferencing is used for:
Answer: Remote real-time meetings - Audio conferencing is:
Answer: Voice-based remote communication - Examples of video conferencing tools include:
Answer: Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet - Intranet access is:
Answer: Restricted to organization members - Internet access is:
Answer: Publicly available to anyone - Email attachments allow:
Answer: Sending files along with messages - Audio conferencing requires:
Answer: Telephone or internet connection - Video conferencing allows:
Answer: Sharing of screens and presentations - Secure email transmission uses:
Answer: Encryption protocols - The Internet is based on:
Answer: TCP/IP protocols - Intranet improves:
Answer: Internal organizational communication - Audio conferencing is ideal for:
Answer: Quick discussions without video - Video conferencing can be used for:
Answer: Online lectures and training - Email headers contain:
Answer: Sender, receiver, subject, date - Email facilitates:
Answer: Fast, formal communication
Digital Initiatives in Higher Education:
Higher education institutions globally have embraced digital initiatives to enhance teaching, learning, and administration. Key initiatives include:
- SWAYAM: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) platform providing free courses.
- Virtual Labs: Online simulation labs for science and engineering experiments.
- Digital Libraries: Access to e-books, journals, and research papers.
- E-Governance Platforms: Automating admission, examination, and administrative processes.
- Learning Management Systems (LMS): Platforms like Moodle, Google Classroom, and Canvas that organize course content, assignments, and assessments.
These initiatives improve accessibility, collaboration, and quality of higher education while reducing costs.
MCQs – Digital Initiatives in Higher Education
- SWAYAM provides:
Answer: Free online courses - Virtual Labs are used for:
Answer: Online experiments and simulations - Digital libraries give access to:
Answer: E-books, journals, and research papers - LMS stands for:
Answer: Learning Management System - Example of LMS includes:
Answer: Moodle, Google Classroom - E-Governance platforms in education help in:
Answer: Automating administrative processes - Digital initiatives improve:
Answer: Accessibility and quality of education - MOOCs are:
Answer: Massive Open Online Courses - Virtual Labs reduce:
Answer: Physical lab dependency - Digital libraries enhance:
Answer: Research opportunities - Learning content can be shared via:
Answer: LMS - SWAYAM is an initiative of:
Answer: Government of India - LMS allows:
Answer: Assignments submission online - Digital initiatives foster:
Answer: Collaboration among students - E-Governance in education ensures:
Answer: Transparency in processes - MOOCs provide:
Answer: Online certification - Virtual Labs enhance:
Answer: Practical learning online - LMS tracks:
Answer: Student progress and assessments - Digital libraries reduce:
Answer: Dependence on physical books - Overall, digital initiatives aim to:
Answer: Modernize higher education
ICT and Governance:
ICT facilitates evidence-based governance, decision-making, and transparency. Digital platforms enable governments to manage public services efficiently.
Examples include e-governance portals for citizen services, online tax filing, digital record management, and policy analytics.
ICT improves accessibility, accountability, and service delivery while reducing administrative delays and corruption.
Technologies such as GIS, big data analytics, and cloud computing support predictive planning, resource allocation, and real-time monitoring.
MCQs – ICT and Governance
- ICT in governance enhances:
Answer: Efficiency and transparency - E-governance portals provide:
Answer: Citizen services online - Digital record management ensures:
Answer: Secure and organized data - Big data analytics in governance supports:
Answer: Predictive planning - GIS is used for:
Answer: Spatial and infrastructure planning - ICT reduces:
Answer: Administrative delays - Cloud computing supports:
Answer: Scalable government services - Online tax filing is an example of:
Answer: E-governance - ICT enhances:
Answer: Accountability in governance - Digital initiatives in governance improve:
Answer: Service delivery - Data-driven governance uses:
Answer: Statistical and analytical tools - Predictive planning allows:
Answer: Efficient resource allocation - Citizen portals provide:
Answer: Transparent services - ICT supports:
Answer: Evidence-based policy making - E-governance reduces:
Answer: Corruption - Online dashboards help in:
Answer: Real-time monitoring - Digital platforms improve:
Answer: Accessibility of services - ICT enables:
Answer: Seamless communication within government departments - Cloud-based government services provide:
Answer: Remote access and scalability - Overall, ICT in governance aims to:
Answer: Enhance transparency, efficiency, and citizen satisfaction
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